SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    13547, 18032, 18031, 18030, 12900, 11591, 
    18056, 8034, 7666, 8257, 8063, 10729, 
    10697, 7714, 7625, 11585, 8733, 7481, 
    8120, 10998, 7279, 13244, 7655, 7633
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00075

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "210",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "object_id",
            "type",
            "dispatch",
            "lang_code",
            "company_id"
          ],
          "rows": 48,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (13547,18032,18031,18030,12900,11591,18056,8034,7666,8257,8063,10729,10697,7714,7625,11585,8733,7481,8120,10998,7279,13244,7655,7633) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
7279 slayder-dizayn-tw-367 406/510
7481 slayder-dizayn-tm-920 406/510
7625 slayder-dizayn-tm-715 406/510
7633 slayder-dlya-nogtey-n-353 406/510
7655 slayder-dlya-nogtey-n-240 406/510
7666 slayder-dizayn-tm-472 406/510
7714 slayder-dizayn-tm-689 406/510
8034 slayder-dizayn-dlya-nogtey-tm-261 406/510
8063 slayder-dizayn-dlya-nogtey-tm-651 406/510
8120 slayder-dizayn-tw-308 406/510
8257 slayder-dizayn-dlya-nogtey-tm-636 406/510
8733 slayder-dizayn-tm-917 406/510
10697 slayder-dizayn-tm-658 406/510
10729 slayder-dizayn-tm-657 406/510
10998 slayder-dizayn-tw-368 406/510
11585 slayder-dizayn-tm-864 406/510
11591 slayder-dizayn-tm-1024 406/510
12900 slayder-dizayn-tb-601 406/510
13244 slayder-dizayn-w-3 406/510
13547 slayder-dizayn-sd-405 406/510
18030 sdayder-dizayn-sd-416-listya 406/510
18031 sdayder-dizayn-sd-411-kviti 406/510
18032 sdayder-dizayn-sd-410-kviti-ptahi 406/510
18056 slayder-dizayn-tm-1232-listya 406/510