SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    8305, 10896, 12820, 9551, 9788, 8332, 
    8358, 8328, 8121, 12826, 6903, 7680, 
    6902, 10017, 12825, 6901, 9837, 9792, 
    12819, 9786, 10452, 10313, 9492, 9789, 
    8352
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00073

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "210",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "object_id",
            "type",
            "dispatch",
            "lang_code",
            "company_id"
          ],
          "rows": 50,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (8305,10896,12820,9551,9788,8332,8358,8328,8121,12826,6903,7680,6902,10017,12825,6901,9837,9792,12819,9786,10452,10313,9492,9789,8352) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' and (cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 or cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}