SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    11255, 12822, 11253, 12824, 10731, 11389, 
    7661, 9551, 12820, 10896, 8305, 6900, 
    9504, 11256, 12821, 11254, 11252, 12823, 
    7080, 6893, 6894, 6895, 6896, 6897
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1

Query time 0.00047

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "17",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id",
            "lang_code",
            "company_id",
            "storefront_id"
          ],
          "rows": 24,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (11255,12822,11253,12824,10731,11389,7661,9551,12820,10896,8305,6900,9504,11256,12821,11254,11252,12823,7080,6893,6894,6895,6896,6897) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}