SELECT 
  category_id, 
  parent_id 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
WHERE 
  parent_id IN(
    1119, 1128, 752, 1127, 1152, 1149, 547, 
    1148, 818, 1151, 1155, 1153, 1187, 1154, 
    1194, 975, 1173, 834, 1089, 1090, 1125, 
    1124, 1091, 1075, 1196, 1095, 1029, 
    1113, 1199, 1115, 954, 495, 477, 780, 
    1121, 1139, 1141, 1150, 1144, 1190, 
    951, 948, 1126, 852, 1069, 1084, 1172, 
    1086, 1092, 1165, 1093, 650, 949, 1111, 
    472, 607, 546, 1116, 494, 983, 763, 930, 
    1138, 1189, 1147, 1129, 665, 1195, 1067, 
    1174, 970, 1074, 1197, 1096, 1031, 1114, 
    1198, 571, 953, 1117, 1118, 1120, 634, 
    1122, 1140, 1193, 1130, 1033, 1034
  )

Query time 0.00040

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_categories",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "possible_keys": ["parent"],
          "rows": 525,
          "filtered": 29.1428566,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_categories.parent_id in (1119,1128,752,1127,1152,1149,547,1148,818,1151,1155,1153,1187,1154,1194,975,1173,834,1089,1090,1125,1124,1091,1075,1196,1095,1029,1113,1199,1115,954,495,477,780,1121,1139,1141,1150,1144,1190,951,948,1126,852,1069,1084,1172,1086,1092,1165,1093,650,949,1111,472,607,546,1116,494,983,763,930,1138,1189,1147,1129,665,1195,1067,1174,970,1074,1197,1096,1031,1114,1198,571,953,1117,1118,1120,634,1122,1140,1193,1130,1033,1034)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}