SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    23838, 23831, 23839, 23832, 23840, 23833, 
    23841, 23834, 23842, 21580, 21581, 
    21582, 21140, 21141, 21142, 21143, 
    21535, 21145, 21146, 21147, 21149, 
    21150, 21151, 21152
  )

Query time 0.00103

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_products",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "rows": 24,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (23838,23831,23839,23832,23840,23833,23841,23834,23842,21580,21581,21582,21140,21141,21142,21143,21535,21145,21146,21147,21149,21150,21151,21152)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}