SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_keywords, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.meta_description, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.search_words, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.promo_text 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    18672, 18674, 18681, 18685, 18688, 18723, 
    19112, 20050, 20021, 18678, 18677, 
    18680
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'uk'

Query time 0.00051

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
          "rows": 12,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (18672,18674,18681,18685,18688,18723,19112,20050,20021,18678,18677,18680) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'uk'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id meta_keywords meta_description search_words promo_text
18672
18674
18677
18678
18680
18681
18685
18688
18723
19112
20021
20050