SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    20665, 24347, 20664, 24348, 20889, 24349, 
    24350, 20891, 22003, 22004, 22005, 
    22006, 22007, 22008, 22009, 22010, 
    22011, 22012, 22371, 22378, 22372, 
    22379, 22373, 22385
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1

Query time 0.00052

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "17",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id",
            "lang_code",
            "company_id",
            "storefront_id"
          ],
          "rows": 24,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (20665,24347,20664,24348,20889,24349,24350,20891,22003,22004,22005,22006,22007,22008,22009,22010,22011,22012,22371,22378,22372,22379,22373,22385) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}