SELECT 
  pfv.variant_id, 
  pfv.position, 
  pfvd.variant 
FROM 
  cscart_product_feature_variants AS pfv 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_feature_variant_descriptions AS pfvd ON pfv.variant_id = pfvd.variant_id 
  AND pfvd.lang_code = 'ru' 
WHERE 
  pfv.variant_id IN (
    3099, 3090, 3686, 3084, 3089, 3094, 3101, 
    3100, 3093, 3104, 3085
  )

Query time 0.00056

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "pfv",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["variant_id"],
          "rows": 11,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "pfv.variant_id in (3099,3090,3686,3084,3089,3094,3101,3100,3093,3104,3085)"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "pfvd",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["variant_id", "lang_code"],
          "ref": ["lillyshop_lillyshop.pfv.variant_id", "const"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "pfvd.lang_code = 'ru'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}