SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_short_desc 
FROM 
  cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    12797, 12811, 11568, 11491, 11061, 12798, 
    12812, 12813, 12814, 12815, 11221, 
    11569, 11570, 11565, 11571, 11564, 
    11573, 11575, 11576, 11572, 11566, 
    11574, 11567, 9546
  ) 
  AND lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND storefront_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1

Query time 0.00050

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "17",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id",
            "lang_code",
            "company_id",
            "storefront_id"
          ],
          "rows": 24,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.storefront_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.company_id = 1 and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.product_id in (12797,12811,11568,11491,11061,12798,12812,12813,12814,12815,11221,11569,11570,11565,11571,11564,11573,11575,11576,11572,11566,11574,11567,9546) and cscart_ab__short_desc_from_features_values.lang_code = 'ru'"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}